Land Hydrology SBM

Atmospheric forcing

Standard Name Description Unit Default
atmosphere_water__precipitation_volume_flux Precipitation mm Δt⁻¹ -
land_surface_water__potential_evaporation_volume_flux Potential evaporation mm Δt⁻¹ -
atmosphere_air__temperature Temperature ᵒC -

Snow

Input

Standard Name Description Unit Default
atmosphere_air__snowfall_temperature_threshold Threshold temperature for snowfall ᵒC 0.0
atmosphere_air__snowfall_temperature_interval Threshold temperature interval length ᵒC 1.0
snowpack__melting_temperature_threshold Threshold temperature for snowmelt ᵒC 0.0
snowpack__degree-day_coefficient Degree-day factor for snowmelt mm ᵒC⁻¹ Δt⁻¹ 3.75 mm ᵒC⁻¹ day⁻¹
snowpack__liquid_water_holding_capacity Water holding capacity as fraction of current snow pack - 0.1

States

Standard Name Description Unit
snowpack~dry__leq-depth Liquid-water equivalent of dry snow mm
snowpack~liquid__depth Liquid water content in the snow pack mm

Output

Standard Name Description Unit
snowpack__leq-depth Liquid-water equivalent of snow pack (SWE) mm
snowpack_meltwater__volume_flux Amount of snow melt mm Δt⁻¹
snowpack_water__runoff_volume_flux Runoff from snowpack mm Δt⁻¹

Glacier

Input

Standard Name Description Unit Default
glacier_ice__initial_leq-depth Initial glacier liquid-water equivalent (cold state) mm 5500.0
glacier_ice__melting_temperature_threshold Threshold temperature for glacier melt ᵒC 0.0
glacier_ice__degree-day_coefficient Degree-day factor for melt from glacier mm ᵒC⁻¹ Δt⁻¹ 3.0 mm ᵒC⁻¹ day⁻¹
glacier_firn_accumulation__snowpack~dry_leq-depth_fraction Fraction of the snowpack on top of the glacier converted into ice Δt⁻¹ 0.001 day⁻¹
glacier_surface__area_fraction Fraction covered by a glacier - 0.0

States

Standard Name Description Unit
glacier_ice__leq-depth Glacier liquid-water equivalent mm

Output

Standard Name Description Unit
glacier_ice__melt_volume_flux Melt from the glacier mm Δt⁻¹

Vegetation

Input

Standard Name Description Unit Default
vegetation_root__depth Rooting depth mm -
vegetation__crop_factor Crop coefficient - 1.0
vegetation__specific-leaf_storage Specific leaf storage mm -
vegetation_wood_water__storage_capacity Storage woody part of vegetation mm -
vegetation_canopy__light-extinction_coefficient Extinction coefficient (to calculate canopy gap fraction) - -
vegetation_canopy_water__mean_evaporation-to-mean_precipitation_ratio Gash interception model parameter - 0.1
vegetation_canopy__gap_fraction Canopy gap fraction - -
vegetation_water__storage_capacity Maximum canopy storage mm 1.0

Input static and cyclic

Standard Name Description Unit Default
vegetation__leaf-area_index Leaf area index m² m⁻² -

States

Standard Name Description Unit
vegetation_canopy_water__depth Canopy storage mm

Output

Standard Name Description Unit
vegetation_canopy_water__stemflow_volume_flux Stemflow mm Δt⁻¹
vegetation_canopy_water__throughfall_volume_flux Throughfall mm Δt⁻¹
vegetation_canopy_water__interception_volume_flux Interception mm Δt⁻¹

Soil

Input

Standard Name Description Unit Default
soil_vertical_saturated_hydraulic_conductivity_profile~exponential_below-surface__depth Depth from soil surface for which exponential decline of the vertical saturated hydraulic conductivity at the soil surface is valid, when an exponential_constant saturated hydraulic conductivity profile is used mm -
soil_layer_water__vertical_saturated_hydraulic_conductivity Vertical saturated hydraulic conductivity per soil layer, when a layered or layered_exponential saturated hydraulic conductivity profile is used mm Δt⁻¹ -
soil_vertical_saturated_hydraulic_conductivity_profile~layered_below-surface__depth Depth from soil surface for which layered profile is valid, when a layered_exponential saturated hydraulic conductivity profile is used mm -
soil_surface_temperature__weight_coefficient Weighting coefficient for soil surface temperature - 0.1125
soil_surface_water__infiltration_reduction_parameter Controls soil infiltration reduction factor when soil is frozen - 0.038
soil_water__saturated_volume_fraction Saturated water content - -
soil_water__residual_volume_fraction Residual water content - -
soil_surface_water__vertical_saturated_hydraulic_conductivity Vertical saturated hydraulic conductivity at soil surface mm Δt⁻¹ -
soil_water__vertical_saturated_hydraulic_conductivity_scale_parameter Scaling parameter controlling decline of vertical saturated hydraulic conductivity with depth mm⁻¹ -
soil_water__air_entry_pressure_head Air entry pressure head of soil cm -10.0
vegetation_root__feddes_critial_pressure_head_h~1 Critical pressure head h1 of the root water uptake reduction function (Feddes) cm 0.0
vegetation_root__feddes_critial_pressure_head_h~2 Critical pressure head h2 of the root water uptake reduction function (Feddes) cm -100.0
vegetation_root__feddes_critial_pressure_head_h~3~high Critical pressure head h3_high of the root water uptake reduction function (Feddes) cm -400.0
vegetation_root__feddes_critial_pressure_head_h~3~low Critical pressure head h3_low of the root water uptake reduction function (Feddes) cm -1000.0
vegetation_root__feddes_critial_pressure_head_h~4 Critical pressure head h4 of the root water uptake reduction function (Feddes) cm -16000.0
vegetation_root__feddes_critial_pressure_head_h~1_reduction_coefficient Root water uptake reduction at soil water pressure head h1 (0.0 or 1.0) - 1.0
soil__thickness Soil thickness mm -
soil~compacted_surface_water__infiltration_capacity Infiltration capacity of compacted areas mm Δt⁻¹ 10 mm day⁻¹
soil~non-compacted_surface_water__infiltration_capacity Soil infiltration capacity mm Δt⁻¹ 100.0 mm day⁻¹
soil_water_sat-zone_bottom__max_leakage_volume_flux Maximum leakage from saturated zone mm Δt⁻¹ 0.0 mm day⁻¹
soil_layer_water__brooks-corey_exponent Brooks-Corey power coefficient per soil layer - -
land~water-covered__area_fraction Fraction of open water (excluding rivers) - 0.0
soil_layer_water__vertical_saturated_hydraulic_conductivity_factor Multiplication factor applied to vertical saturated hydraulic conductivity per soil layer - 1.0
soil~compacted__area_fraction Fraction of compacted soil area - -
soil_root~wet__sigmoid_function_shape_parameter Controls sharpness of transition between fully wet and fully dry roots - -500.0
soil_root__length_density_fraction Fraction of the root length density per soil layer - -
soil_water_sat-zone_top_capillary-rise__max_water-table_depth Maximum water table depth for capillary rise mm 2000.0
soil_water_sat-zone_top_capillary-rise__averianov_exponent Averianov exponent controlling capillary rise - 2.0

States

Standard Name Description Unit
soil_surface__temperature Soil surface temperature, only when snow is modelled ᵒC
soil_water_sat-zone__depth Amount of water in the saturated store mm
soil_layer_water_unsat-zone__depth Amount of water in the unsaturated store, per soil layer mm

Output

Standard Name Description Unit
land_surface__evapotranspiration_volume_flux Total actual evapotranspiration mm
land_water~storage~total__depth Total water storage (excluding floodplains, lakes and reservoirs) mm
soil_water__infiltration_volume_flux Actual infiltration into the unsaturated zone mm Δt⁻¹
soil_water__transpiration_volume_flux Transpiration from vegetation mm Δt⁻¹
soil_surface_water__runoff_volume_flux Total surface runoff from infiltration and saturation excess mm Δt⁻¹
soil_surface_water__net_runoff_volume_flux Net surface runoff (after open water evaporation) mm Δt⁻¹
soil~compacted_surface_water__excess_volume_flux Excess water for compacted soil fraction mm Δt⁻¹
soil~non-compacted_surface_water__excess_volume_flux Excess water for non-compacted soil fraction mm Δt⁻¹
soil_surface_water_unsat-zone__exfiltration_volume_flux Water exfiltrating from unsaturated store because of rising water table mm Δt⁻¹
soil_surface_water_sat-zone__exfiltration_volume_flux Water exfiltrating from saturated store during saturation excess conditions mm Δt⁻¹
soil_layer_water__volume_fraction Volumetric water content per soil layer (including residual water content and saturated zone) -
soil_layer_water__volume_percentage Volumetric water content per soil layer (including residual water content and saturated zone) %
soil_water_root-zone__volume_fraction Volumetric water content in root zone (including residual water content and saturated zone) -
soil_water_root-zone__volume_percentage Volumetric water content in root zone (including residual water content and saturated zone) %
soil_water_root-zone__depth Root water storage in unsaturated and saturated zone (excluding residual water content) mm
soil_water_unsat-zone__depth Amount of water in the unsaturated store mm
soil_water_sat-zone_top__capillary_volume_flux Actual capillary rise mm Δt⁻¹
soil_water_sat-zone_top__recharge_volume_flux Downward flux from unsaturated to saturated zone mm Δt⁻¹
soil_water_sat-zone_top__net_recharge_volume_flux Net recharge to saturated zone mm Δt⁻¹
soil_water_sat-zone_bottom__leakage_volume_flux Actual leakage from saturated store mm Δt⁻¹
soil_water_sat-zone_top__depth Pseudo-water table depth (top of the saturated zone) mm

Water demand

Non-irrigation

Input static and cyclic

Standard Name Description Unit Default
land~domestic__gross_water_demand_volume_flux Gross domestic water demand mm Δt⁻¹ 0.0
land~domestic__net_water_demand_volume_flux Net domestic water demand mm Δt⁻¹ 0.0
land~industry__gross_water_demand_volume_flux Gross industry water demand mm Δt⁻¹ 0.0
land~industry__net_water_demand_volume_flux Net industry water demand mm Δt⁻¹ 0.0
land~livestock__gross_water_demand_volume_flux Gross livestock water demand mm Δt⁻¹ 0.0
land~livestock__net_water_demand_volume_flux Net livestock water demand mm Δt⁻¹ 0.0

Non-paddy irrigation

Input

Standard Name Description Unit Default
land~irrigated-non-paddy__irrigation_efficiency Irrigation efficiency - -
land~irrigated-non-paddy_area__count Irrigation areas (non-paddy) - -
land~irrigated-non-paddy__max_irrigation_rate Maximum irrigation rate mm Δt⁻¹ 25.0 mm day⁻¹

Input static and cyclic

Standard Name Description Unit Default
land~irrigated-non-paddy__irrigation_trigger_flag Irrigation trigger (off or on, 0 or 1) - -

Output

Standard Name Description Unit
land~irrigated-non-paddy__gross_water_demand_volume_flux Irrigation (non-paddy) gross demand mm Δt⁻¹

Paddy irrigation

Input

Standard Name Description Unit Default
land~irrigated-paddy__min_depth Minimum required water depth in the irrigated paddy fields mm 20.0
land~irrigated-paddy__optimal_depth Optimal water depth in the irrigated paddy fields mm 50.0
land~irrigated-paddy__max_depth Water depth when paddy field starts spilling water (overflow) mm 80.0
land~irrigated-paddy__irrigation_efficiency Irrigation efficiency - -
land~irrigated-paddy_area__count Irrigation areas (paddy) - -
land~irrigated-paddy__max_irrigation_rate Maximum irrigation rate mm Δt⁻¹ 25.0 mm day⁻¹

Input static and cyclic

Standard Name Description Unit Default
land~irrigated-paddy__irrigation_trigger_flag Irrigation trigger (off or on, 0 or 1) - -

States

Standard Name Description Unit
land_surface_water~paddy__depth Water depth in paddy field mm

Output

Standard Name Description Unit
land~irrigated-paddy__gross_water_demand_volume_flux Irrigation (paddy) gross demand mm Δt⁻¹

Allocation

Input

Standard Name Description Unit Default
land_surface_water__withdrawal_fraction Fraction surface water used - 1.0
land_water_allocation_area__count Allocation areas - 1

Output

Standard Name Description Unit
land_surface_water_abstraction__volume_flux Actual surface water abstraction mm Δt⁻¹
subsurface_water_abstraction__volume_flux Actual groundwater abstraction mm Δt⁻¹
land~irrigated__allocated_water_volume_flux Allocated water for irrigation mm Δt⁻¹
land~non-irrigated__allocated_water_volume_flux Allocated water for non-irrigation mm Δt⁻¹
land~non-irrigation__return_flow_volume_flux Return flow from non-irrgation sectors mm Δt⁻¹
Back to top